Alloy 400 （UNS NO4400） | |||||||||
Summary | A nickel-copper alloy with high strength and excellent corrosion resistance in a range of media including sea water, hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, and alkalies. Used for marine engineering, chemical and hydrocarbon processing equipment, valves, pumps, shafts, fittings, fasteners, and heat exchangers. | ||||||||
Standard Product Forms | Pipe, tube, sheet, strip, plate, round bar, flat bar, forging stock, hexagon and wire. | ||||||||
Chemical Composition Wt,% |
| Min | Max. |
| Min. | Max. |
| Min. | Max. |
Ni | 63.0 |
| Cu | 28.0 | 34.0 | C |
| 0.3 | |
Cr |
|
| Co |
|
| Si |
| 0.5 | |
Fe |
| 2.5 | Al |
|
| P |
|
| |
Mo |
|
| Ti |
|
| S |
| 0.024 | |
W |
|
| Mn |
| 2.0 | N |
|
| |
Physical Constants | Density,g/ | ||||||||
Melting Range,℃ 1300-1350 | |||||||||
Typical Mechanical Properties | (Annealed) Tensile Strength, ksi 80 Mpa 550 Yield Strength (0.2% Offset),ksi 35 Mpa 240 Elongation, % 40 | ||||||||
|
8.8
Microstructure
Alloy 400 is a solid-solution binary. As nickel and copper are mutually soluble in all proportions. It is a single-phase alloy. It has a face-centered cubic lattice structure with a lattice parameter of 3.534 A.
Characters
Alloy 400, with an excellent combination property, is a corrosion resistent alloy in a wide range of use and applications. It has an excellent corrosion resistance in the media of hydrofluoric acid and fluorine and also a good corrosion resistance to hot strong alkali liquor. Besides it also resistant to corrosion in the neutral solution, water, sea water, air, organic compound etc..One important character of the alloy is that the stress corrosion cracking normally doesn't occur and it has a good machinability.
Corrosion Resistance
Alloy 400 exhibits resistance to corrosion by many reducing media. It is also generally to attack by oxidizing media than higher copper alloys. This versatility makes alloy 400 suitable for service in a variety of environment;
Alloy 400 is widely used in marine applications.While alloy 400 products exhibit very low corrosion rates in flowing seawater;
Stagnant conditions have been shown to induce crevice and pitting corrosion. Alloy 400 is a also resistant to stress corrosion cracking and pitting in most fresh and industrial water;
Alloy 400 offers exceptional resistance to hydrofluoric acid in all concentrations up to the boiling point;
It is perhaps the most resistant of all commonly used engineering alloys.Alloy 400 is also resistant to many forms of sulfuric and hydrochloric acids under reducing.
Applications
Alloy 400 is a material in a variety of applications, and is applied in many industrial areas.tubing
1. Feed-water and steam generator in power plants;
2. Brine heaters and evaporator bodies in seawater desalination plants;
3. Pumps and values used in the manufacture of chlorinated hydrocarbons;
4. Cladding for crude oil distillation columns;
5. Splash-zone sheathing in offshore structures;
6. Plants for uranium refining and isotope separation in the production of nuclear fuel;
7.Propeller and pump shafts for seawater service.